Reduction of Carbon Footprint Through Hybrid Sintering of …
Limonitic laterite contains low iron and nickel grades and much high smelting minerals and loss on ignition (LOI), identified as refractory iron ore for sintering.
smelting of chromite and laterite ore
Laterite Ore
Nickel and Cobalt Production. Michael S. Moats, William G. Davenport, in Treatise on Process Metallurgy: Industrial Processes, 2014 2.2.3.1 Laterite Ore Upgrading. Laterite ores are upgraded before smelting or leaching. The upgrading entails gently crushing and/or grinding the ore and then separating the resulting small, soft, low-density Ni-rich …
Relationship between process mineralogical …
mineral phases of laterite nickel ore are limonite, serpentine, chlorite, quartz, chromite and magnetite. In order to further study the beneficiability of laterite nickel ore, it is necessary to analyze the mineralogical characteristics of its main minerals by modern analytical means such as Table 1 Chemical composition of laterite nickel ore ...
Preparation of stainless steel master alloy by direct smelting
Feasibility analysis and experimental studies for the production of a stainless steel master alloy by direct smelting reduction have been investigated in this work, showing that the master alloy with proper compositions and satisfactory metal recoveries can be obtained at 1600°C. When the temperature was increased from 1450 to 1600°C, the …
(PDF) Laboratory-scale smelting of limonitic laterite ore …
The treatment of laterites has been a research hotspot in extractive metallurgy over the past decades. Industrially, the pyrometallurgical treatment of laterites is mostly accomplished with a well-established method, namely, the rotary kiln–electric arc furnace (RKEF) process, which includes three main operations—calcination, prereduction, and …
Morphology, composition and dissolution of chromite in …
The morphological and chemical composition of chromite in the partially-serpentinized harzburgite and oxide zone of two laterite profiles at the Goro lateritic nickel deposit, New Caledonia, were investigated to: (1) establish the melt conditions at the mantle-crust boundary during ophiolite formation, and (2) characterize the weathering of …
Enhanced Chromium Recovery in the Smelting of Ferronickel …
The RKEF process involves two high-temperature stages, namely pre-reduction roasting and smelting. The pre-reduction roasting was performed in a rotary kiln, and the temperature …
Romie D. Laranjo1,* and Vannie Joy T. Resabal2
Keywords: Mass transfer coefficient; Stainless steel crude alloy; Nickel laterite ore; Chromite ore _____ 1. Introduction Pyrometallurgical smelting processes occur at very high temperatures and chemical reactions usually occur very fast at these temperatures, so chemical reactions are usually not rate-controlling.
Fe-Ni-Cr Crude Alloy Production from Direct Smelting of …
The smelting of 10-13% SCO chromite ore and 87 – 90% LIM laterite ore produced alloys with average iron, nickel and chromium content about 82%, 6.22% and 2.17%, …
Fe-Ni-Cr Crude Alloy Production from Direct Smelting of Chromite …
[16][17] [18] [19][20] Many studies on the thermal analysis of laterite nickel ore report that the free water is removed at temperatures between 333 K and 383 K, dehydration occurs at 553 K, the ...
Behavior of chromium in the reduction and smelting of high …
In this study, the behavior of chromium during the smelting of nickel laterite ore was thermodynamically and experimentally studied. The suitable slag composition was recommended according to the ...
Direct smelting process for stainless steel crude …
There are two sources of ores that contain nickel, sulfide ores and laterite ores. Nickel laterite ores typically occur in tropical and subtropical regions [3], and these ores are divided into two types: limonite type and saprolite …
Direct Smelting of Chromite and Laterite Ores with Carbon …
Chromite and laterite ores from local sources were smelted in a vertical tube furnace with activated carbon as reducing agent at 1400°C to 1550°C using graphite crucible under argon atmosphere. It is shown that the grade and composition of the ore are the main factors determining the feasibility of smelting a mixture of chromite and laterite ores to …
Nickel Laterite Smelting Processes and Some …
magnetite, and chromite, as well as to saprolite and limonite [25]. Metals 2019, 9, 974 7 of 16. ... New method of laterite ore processing: Smelting in two-zone Vaniukov furnace.
Direct smelting process for stainless steel crude …
Stainless steel crude alloy recovery from direct smelting of low-grade chromite, nickel laterite and manganese ores was investigated. The mixed low-grade ores were directly smelted in an...
Valorization of Slags Produced by Smelting of Metallurgical …
A pyrometallurgical process was developed for the recycling of Ni bearing dusts and laterite ore fines by direct reduction smelting in DC (direct current) arc furnace.
Geology, Ore Controls And Geophysical Response Of The …
The Ramu nickel-cobalt laterite, of 25km², is the largest of the wet tropical nickel laterite deposits in Papua New Guinea. Recent drilling, mapping and geophysical data significantly improves ...
ISSN (Print) : 0974-6846 ISSN (Online) : 0974-5645 …
2.5 Smelting Processes Different chromite and laterite mixtures for reduction smelting were selected on the bases of possibly obtaining higher amounts of chromium and nickel in the metal and Figure 1. Point locations of the ore compositions in the MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 Ternary phase diagram at 1 atmospheric pressure.
Fe-Ni-Cr Crude Alloy Production from Direct Smelting of …
This study is promoting the concepts of value-added processing and energy conservation by eliminating the energy-intensive processes used in the conventional route of …
Nickel Laterite Smelting Processes and Some Examples …
issue with laterite smelting in the RKEF process [9,10]. As a typical energy consumption of 400 kWh/t for dry ore could still be regarded as relatively high, e orts have been made to lower it further. In fact, the high energy consumption of the RKEF process is inevitable, and only marginal improvements are possible with the process design.
Relationship between process mineralogical characterization …
Process mineralogy of low-grade laterite nickel ore in Indonesia was systematically characterized and the beneficiation process of mineral components such as limonite, serpentine and chromite was studied on the basis of process mineralogy. The results show that the low-grade laterite nickel ore is a typical weathering sedimentary …
Behavior of chromium in the reduction and smelting of high …
The smelting experiments were carried out in a high-temperature electric furnace. Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the experimental process. The raw materials used in the study included nickel laterite sinters, iron ores, coke, CaCO 3, and SiO 2.The nickel laterite sinters, iron ores, and coke were dried in a drying oven at 110 …
Kinetics and mechanisms of the carbothermic reduction …
Although SAF smelting of chromite is a mature technology where improvement to reduce the production cost is more difficult [1], significant ... nickel laterite ore [31]. (4) Addition of reagents that promotes the Boudouard reaction (i.e., Reaction 2). According to Katayama et al. [32], addition of sodium borate (Na 2B 4O
Fe-Ni-Cr Crude Alloy Production from Direct Smelting of Chromite …
The smelting of 10-13% SCO chromite ore and 87 – 90% LIM laterite ore produced The raw materials consisted of calcined laterite ores alloys with average iron, nickel and chromium content from Surigao and chromite ores from Misamis Oriental. about 82%, 6.22% and 2.17%, respectively, at an average Activated carbon was used as the …
Aspects of smelting reduction of chromite ore fines in CaO …
Chromite reduction by carbon dissolved in a high carbon ferrochromium alloy melt has been investigated in the temperature range 1580-1640°C using a slag system based on CaO2-FeO-Cr2O3-SiO2-Al2O3. Although the reduction is essentially first order with respect to Cr2O3 concentration, it exhibits both zero order and first order reaction …
Fe-Ni-Cr Crude Alloy Production from Direct Smelting …
grade and composition of chromite and laterite ores are the main factors to produce the alloy. The smelting of 10-13% SCO chromite ore and 87 – 90% LIM laterite ore produced alloys with average iron, nickel and chromium content about 82%, 6.22% and 2.17%, respectively, at an average iron, nickel and chromium recovery of 98%, 97% and 87%,
Fe-Ni-Cr Crude Alloy Production from Direct Smelting of Chromite …
The feasibility of producing Fe-Ni-Cr crude alloy by direct smelting of chromite and laterite ores from local sources with activated carbon as reducing agent at 1400o to 1550oC using graphite crucible under argon atmosphere were con-ducted in a vertical tube furnace . ... The smelting of 10-13% SCO chromite ore and 87 – 90% LIM …
XRD Pattern of Saprolite Type Nickel Laterite Ore-Lizardite …
XRD pattern of the chromite ore is shown in Figure 2. The XRD analysis illustrated that spinel The XRD result of saprolite type nickel laterite ore in Figure 3 revealed that the dominant minerals ...
Mineralogy and crystal chemistry of a low grade nickel laterite ore …
The association of metals such as Mg, Ni, Mn and Co with goethite has been rigorously studied by previous researchers [10], but fewer studies have been completed on the metals association within low grade laterite ore. In this work, low grade nickel laterite sample from Indonesia for a subsequent Ni enrichment mechanism was studied to ...
Preliminary Study of Smelting of Indonesian Nickel Laterite Ore using
Three experimental studies were reported about the smelting of nickel laterite ore from Poomala, Indonesia [60,113, 114]. Supriyatna and Sihotang et al. [113,114] investigated the effect of ...
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