The reaction between reduced ilmenite and oxygen in ammonium chloride solutions. Hydrometallurgy, 18 (1987), pp. 21-38. View PDF View article View in Scopus Google Scholar. Gambogi, 2009. ... Investigations on the effect of certain carbonyl compounds on the removal of iron during the rusting of reduced ilmenite. Trans. …
A process based on solid state reduction of iron oxide content of ilmenite with carbon in presence of alkali carbonate catalysts followed by removal of iron content of reduced ilmenite by rusting ...
A process based on solid state reduction of iron oxide content of ilmenite with carbon in presence of alkali carbonate catalysts followed by removal of iron content of reduced ilmenite by rusting ...
The technology for producing artificial rutile by the reduction-rusting method has the advantages of high product quality and less slag. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is used to simulate the solid-liquid suspension and gas-liquid dispersion characteristics in the stirred corrosion reactor. ... The reduced ilmenite is used as raw ...
Ilmenite is the primary feedstock for the manufacturing of titanium goods, however it needs to be refined before the usage. Becher is an eco-friendly process for refining ilmenite by rusting metallic iron from reduced ilmenite to separate iron and TiO 2, and NH 4 Cl is the commonly utilized solvent in this method. In the current study, the …
The Australian National Institute of Chemistry researched and developed the reduction-rusting process which can make synthetic rutile be produced on a large scale. With the reduction-rusting process, the ferric oxide in ilmenite is reduced to iron, which gathers rust in water to obtain the rich material containing titanium dioxide.
The removal of iron oxide from reduced ilmenite through rusting route to yield synthetic rutile with more than 90% TiO2 is more environment friendly. …
Ilmenite is the primary feedstock for the manufacturing of titanium goods, however it needs to be refined before the usage. Becher is an eco-friendly process for refining ilmenite by rusting metallic iron from reduced ilmenite to separate iron and TiO 2, and NH 4 Cl is the commonly utilized solvent in this method. In the current study, the …
Investigations carried out to accelerate the rusting of reduced ilmenite show that the addition of small quantities of carbonyl compounds such as glyoxal, glucose and sucrose with NH4Cl ...
Ilmenite is the primary feedstock for the manufacturing of titanium goods, however it needs to be refined before the usage. Becher is an eco-friendly process for refining ilmenite by rusting metallic iron from reduced ilmenite to separate iron and TiO 2, and NH 4 Cl is the commonly utilized solvent in this method. In the current study, the …
In the new commercially followed process for the production of synthetic rutile, metallic iron present in the reduced ilmenite is oxidized to solid iron oxide using NH4Cl as catalyst. There is necessity for improving the oxidation process, which is very slow in presence of NH4Cl. Attempts were hence made to study the effects of various organic compounds …
The addition of 0.4% citric acid also reduces removal time to 5 hours, RMI was reduced to 0.33%. The rusting rate of metallic iron increased when acid concentration increased from 0.1 to 1%. The results indicated that acetic and citric acids could be used as additional catalysts along with NH4Cl in the removal of metallic iron in reduced ilmenite.
Hussein et al. w21x studied the hydrochloric acid leaching of a pre-reduced ilmenite under the following conditions: 3.24 M HCl concentration, leaching temperature of 908C, leaching time of 3 h and a solidrliquid ratio corresponding to 7% of solids; they achieved 95% of iron extraction, which is comparable to 97% iron extraction of the present ...
The content of titanium dioxide can be controlled depending on its uses. (2) Reduction-rusting process: ilmenite is reduced by charcoal in the rotary kiln, where the reduction product is the mixture of fine iron, low-valent titanium oxide, and rutile. After rusting by dilute ammonium chloride or dilute hydrochloric acid solution, the iron is ...
Removal of Metallic Iron from Reduced Ilmenite by Aeration Leaching Qiuyue Zhao 1,2,3, ... to complete [11]. Some reports show that the rusting process can be accelerated by improving aeration [12 ...
Aeration step, one of the major stages in the Becher process was carried out on reduced Hatinh (Vietnam) ilmenite in NH4Cl solution and the effect of several processing parameters were thoroughly investigated including the temperature, time, liquid/solid weight ratio (L/S), air flow rate and concentration of NH4Cl solution. The obtained results …
The metallic iron content of reduced ilmenite was removed by rusting in a solution containing NH4Cl. The reduced ilmenite (50 g) was treated with 300 mL of NH4C1 solution. The ilmenite particles were agi tated by passing compressed air through the solution. The pH of the solution was adjusted - 4.5 using dil. HC!.
Aeration leaching was used to obtain synthetic rutile from a reduced ilmenite. The reduced ilmenite, obtained from the carbothermic reduction of ilmenite concentrate in a rotary kiln at about 1100 ...
1. Introduction. Synthetic rutile (SR) is a chemically modified ilmenite, which has most of the non titanium components removed. SR is used as feed stock for the production of titanium dioxide pigment via chlorination-oxidation process, and titanium metal via magnesiothermic reduction process, or directly used as welding electrode covering …
Agitation can also promote uniform suspension of reduced ilmenite particles, increase the liquid–solid contact area, accelerate the internal diffusion process, and …
Ilmenite is the primary feedstock for the manufacturing of titanium goods, however it needs to be refined before the usage. Becher is an eco-friendly process for refining ilmenite by rusting metallic iron from reduced ilmenite to separate iron and TiO 2, and NH 4 Cl is the commonly utilized solvent in this method. In the current study, the …
The effects of aeration leaching on the phase transformation of reduced ilmenite were studied at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 4:1 by XRD, while the microstructure and composition of the reduced ilmenite were characterized by SEM and chemical analysis. ... Comparing the two reduction-rusting systems, the NH 4 Cl can inhibit the formation of …
SEM studies showed that the non porous and uneven surface of the globular structures of the reduced ilmenite becomes highly porous and honeycomb-like during …
Investigations on the effect of certain carbonyl compounds on the removal of iron during the rusting of reduced ilmenite. Trans. Indian Inst. Met. 53 (6), 573–579. Jeya Kumari, E., Lahiri, Abishek, Jha, Animesh, 2006. Selective separation of rare earths from titaniferous ores during the production of high-grade synthetic rutile.
Investigations carried out to accelerate the rusting of reduced ilmenite show that the addition of small quantities of carbonyl compounds such as glyoxal, glucose and sucrose with NH4Cl ...
The rusting kinetic of the metallic iron in reduced ilmenite was analyzed. The results show that hydrochloride can significantly increase the reaction rate and …
Becher is an eco-friendly process for refining ilmenite by rusting metallic iron from reduced ilmenite to separate iron and TiO 2, and NH 4 Cl is the commonly utilized solvent in this method.
The reaction between reduced ilmenite and oxygen in ammonium chloride solutions. ... (Speller, 1951), and is therefore a desirable con- stituent in any electrolyte solution used for the promotion of rusting. However, the role of the ammonium ion in the aeration reaction is far less clear, and in order to obtain information on this …
Effect of NH4Cl on the rusting leaching behavior of metallic phase of iron in reduced ilmenite during TiO2 purification: an electrochemical and density-functional theory study. Lei Zhou Qiuyue Zhao G. Lv Zhi-he Dou W. Mu Ting'an Zhang
In this work, acetic and citric acids were used along with ammonium chloride in the removal of iron from reduced Hatinh ilmenite. Iron removal was carried out at 70ºC, 4 liter/min of air flow ...